6th
Semester
EL-321
Switch gear and protective devices
Course
Outline:
-
INTRODUCTION OF SWITCHGEAR: Switchgear, essential features of switchgear,
switchgear equipment, bus bar arrangement, switchgear accommodation, short
circuits and short circuit currents.
-
CIRCUIT BREAKERS: Principle of circuit breakers, arc in circuit breakers, zero
current - interruption theory, types of circuit breaker, oil, air blast, SF6,
vacuum circuit breaker, recovery and re-striking voltage, rate of rise of
re-striking voltage, rating of circuit breakers.
-
PROTECTIVE RELAYS: Purpose and functions of relays, basic requirement of
protective relaying, types of relays, electromagnetic attraction relays,
induction relays, distance or impedance relays, differential relays.
-
PROTECTION: Protection of alternators and transformers, protection of bus bars
and transmission lines, protection against over voltages, neutral grounding.
Practical
list
1.
Study of various types of circuit brakers.
2.
Study of various types of relays.
3.
Study of protection system for alternators.
4.
Study of protection system for transformers.
5.
Study of protection system for bus bars.
6.
Study of protection system for transmission lines.
7.
Visit of Grid station for familiarization with relevant protective devices.
8.
Visit of Switch yard of a power house for familiarization with relevant
protective devices.
Books
Recommended:
1.
V.K. Mehta, R. Mehta, Principles of Power Systems.
2.
The Art and Science of Protective Relaying, Vol I and II.
EL-322
Communication Technology
Course
Outline:
-
Review of Fourier series, transform and its properties.
-
Amplitude Modulation: Principle of amplitude modulation. AM transmitter and
receiver,
-
Frequency Modulation: Principle of frequency modulation, FM transmitter and
receiver, Aerial and wave propagation.
-
Time division multiplexing (TDM), Frequency division multiplexing (FDM),
Comparison of FDM and TDM.
-
Digital modulation, Types of digital modulations, effect of sampling and
quantization of signals.
-
Digital transmission, AWGN and Inter symbol interference, matched filtering and
pulse shaping.
-
Introduction to Satellite System, Earth satellite station, Orbit satellite
station.
-
Mobile communication system: Concept of cellular phone, various types of mobile
communication systems.
-
Optical fiber: Characteristics, types, sources and detectors
Practical
list
1.
Generate signals of different frequency from signal generator and observe their
superposition using oscilloscope.
2.
Implement lowpass and highpass filters to separate low frequency signals from
high frequency.
3.
Perform Amplitude modulation and demodulation.
4.
Perform Frequency modulation and demodulation.
5.
Demonstrate the effects of sampling and quantization through ADC and DAC.
6.
Prepare a GSM mobile communication network structure.
7.
Visit a base transiever station (BTS) site to familiarize with BTS equipment.
8.
Study optical fiber data sheets and determine signal losses in optical fiber.
9.
Splicing techniques for optical fiber.
Books
Recommended:
1.
B.P. Lathi, Communication System
2.
Bruce Carlson, Communication System
EL-323
Power System Analysis
Course
Outline:
-
Generalized Circuit Constants: General circuit equation, generalized constants
of simple networks, constants of combined networks, measurement of generalized
circuit constants, numerical problems.
-
Representation of Power Systems: One-line diagram, impedance and reactance
diagram, percent or per-unit quantities, selection of base and change in base
of p.u. quantities, per unit representation of single phase transformer, per
unit reactance diagram of a power system, per unit impedances of three winding
transformers.
-
Symmetrical Three Phase Faults: Symmetrical three phase faults on an unloaded
synchronous machine, short circuit currents and reactances of synchronous
machines, internal voltages of loaded machines under transient conditions,
fault calculation and numerical problems.
-
Symmetrical components: Symmetrical components of unsymmetrical phasors, power
in terms of symmetrical components; sequence networks – positive, negative and
zero sequence networks, unsymmetrical series impedances.
-
Unsymmetrical faults: Unsymmetrical faults on unloaded generators,
unsymmetrical faults on power systems; single line-to-ground faults;
line-to-line faults, double line-to-ground faults, double line to line faults;
demonstration problems.
-
Power system stability: Steady state and transient stability, swing equation,
the power angle equation, equal area criterion of stability and its
application, demonstration problems.
Books
Recommended:
1.
W. D. Stevenson, Jr., Elements of Power System Analysis
EL-324
High Voltage Technology
Objective:
To
enable students to familiarize with theory and practices in High voltage
technology.
Course
Outline:
-
Introduction to high voltage technology.
-
Conduction and Breakdown in gases, liquid dielectrics, breakdown in solid
dielectrics.
-
Applications of Insulating materials in power transformers, rotating machines,
circuit breakers, cables.
-
Generation of high voltage and currents, measurement of high voltage and
currents.
-
Overvoltage phenomenon and insulation coordination in power systems.
-
Testing of high voltage electrical apparatus.
Practical
list
1.
Study of high voltage testing transformers.
2.
Study of Vandegraff generator
3.
Observation of corona inception and breakdown voltage in air.
4.
Measurement of high voltahe by sphere gap and uniform field gap.
5.
Measurement of dielectric strength of solid insulation.
6.
Measurement of Dielectric strength of insulating liquids.
7.
Measurement of Impulse voltage.
8.
Flashover along line insulators.
Books
Recommended:
1.
Naidu, High Voltage Engineering.
2.
Alston, High Voltage Technology
3.
Dr. Abdullah, High Voltage
MG-325
Industrial Management
Course
Outline:
-
Introduction to management: History of management, management functions,
organizational structure, types of organizations, organizational hierarchy,
properties of narrow and wide organizations
-
Production Processes: Types of production, scale of production, selection of technology,
input requirements, capacity utilization, productivity basic concepts,
classification, quantitative measurement, productivity improvement.
-
Project Management: Properties of projects, project life cycle, project network
analysis, resource requirements, monitoring and control, computer tools.
-
Inventory Management: Inventory replenishment, economic lot size, re-order
point, safety stock level, JIT, computer tools.
-
Human Resource Management: Management styles, psychological types, recruitment and
training, job evaluation, performance appraisal, motivation and incentives.
Books Recommended:
1.
Babcock D. L. MANAGING ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, Prentice Hall, UK.
2. Zuberi M. H. INDUSTRIAL
MANAGEMENT, Rabbani Printing Press, Lahore.
3. Bateman T. S. and Snell S.
A. MANAGEMENT: BUILDING COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE. Times Mirror Higher Education
Group, USA.
4. Spinner M. ELEMENTS OF
PROJECT MANAGEMENT. Prentice Hall, UK.
